Nonlinear optical properties for TiO2 containing phosphate, borophosphate, and silicate glasses

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Abstract
A theoretical and experimental analysis of the optical properties for titanium-containing glasses is reported. A bond orbital theory elaborated by M. E. Lines [Phys. Rev. B 41, 3372 (1990); 41, 3383 (1990); 43, 11 978 (1991)] for crystals has been extended to these glasses, where the influence of the Ti–O bond environment has been considered. The resulting calculated values obtained for linear and nonlinear indices have been successfully compared with absolute experimental indices independently measured using a Mach–Zehnder interferometer. This agreement involves an adjustment of a local field factor f, varying from 1 to 1.2, which emphasizes the importance of the titanium–oxygen environment particularly upon the nonlinear optical properties of the investigated materials.