17—A STUDY OF THE OPTICS OF SOILING OF TEXTILE MATERIALS USING ARTIFICIAL-SOIL TECHNIQUES

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Abstract
Investigations are described ofthe relationships between visual assessment of the soiling of a textile fabric and the mass of soil present in the fabric for three distinct modes of soiling of the fabric by particulate matter, namely (a) by deposition, (b) by liltration, and (c) by contact. The effects of the greyness of the unsoiled fabric and of the reflectance of the background against which optical measurements are made on the optical assessment of soiling are discussed. Theoretical relationships between the appearance of a soiled fabric and its soil content are formulated (a) on the assumption of random distribution of particulate soiling matter over the fabric surface and (b) on the assumption of a particular preferential deposition of particulate soiling matter on areas of the fabric surface already soiled. These relationships are discussed in connection with the experimental data. Some empirical relationships between optical assessment of soiling and soil content presented by various workers are discussed in relation to experimental data obtained in the present investigations.

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