Evidence for the existence of long-lived H3O+(oxonium) ions in solution: n.m.r. spectra of isotopic oxonium ions in HSO3F–SbF5(‘magic acid’) systems

Abstract
1 H N.m.r. signals due to long-lived H3O+, H2DO+(1 : 1 : 1 triplet), and HD2O+ ions are observed in partially deuteriated HSO3F–SbF5–H2O systems in SO2 or SO2ClF solution, thereby providing unambiguous spectroscopic evidence for the existence of H3O+ ions without further hydration in solution.

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