PURPOSELong-term follow-up data of a randomized trial that compared hydroxyurea and the hypoxic-cell radiosensitizer to misonidazole as adjuncts to standard radiation therapy in locally advanced carcinoma of the cervix are reported.PATIENTS AND METHODSThree hundred eight women were entered, and all 294 eligible patients are assessable as randomized. Eighty-one percent of patients have been monitored for 5 years or to death.RESULTSThere was an advantage for hydroxyurea in progression-free interval and survival (P = .05 and P = .066, respectively). There was no significant difference in the distribution of sites of failure between the regimens. For the 39% of patients with stages III to IVA disease, the advantage in progression-free interval for hydroxyurea was significant (47.8% v 33.6%). More leukopenia occurred on the hydroxyurea regimen than on the misonidazole regimen.CONCLUSIONIn summary, these data provide stronger evidence than our previous analysis that hydroxyurea is superior to misonidazole as an...