The effect of Fe-for-Si substitution on the b-dimension of nontronite

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Abstract
A survey of 060 spacings of dioctahedral smectites has shown that for nontronites with only iron on octahedral sites, a linear relationship exists between the b-axial dimension and the number of atoms of tetrahedrally coordinated Fe3+ per unit cell containing O20(OH)4. The slope, 0·0497 Å/Fe3+, is steeper than that for the increase in b resulting from Fe3+ on octahedral sites, 0·0377 Å/Fe3+, demonstrating the greater importance of tetrahedral substitution in influencing b. Factors that take account of the number of Fe3+ atoms on tetrahedral sites have been incorporated in existing formulae for calculating b-axis cell dimensions for smectites, but these are usually less successful in predicting b than a new formula involving only tetrahedral and octahedral iron contents.

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