Production and Properties of Ejecta Released by Fracture of Materials

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Abstract
We have examined ejecta (particles in the size range 0.1 to 500 μm) which are released by fracture of a variety of materials. The ejecta from most non-metallic materials are electrically charged and frequently have high velocities. The amount of ejecta produced depends on the material and the conditions of fracture. For unfilled, glassy polymers the ejecta are produced in regions of fast-hackled fracture. Detailed measurements have been made on the ejecta mass and size distributions from the fracture of composites. From these measurements the total particle surface areas can be estimated and are found to be comparable to or greater than the cross-sectional area of the fractured samples. Thus, the ejecta should be a consideration in the analysis of surface energy and other parameters from fractographical analysis.