Pulmonary Fat Embolism after Intralipid Therapy– a Post‐Mortem Artefact?

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Abstract
The lungs of 22 low-birth-weight infants were investigated, mean gestational age 29 wk (range 25-35). Of the 22 newborns, 13 were treated with Intralipid, 10% for an average of 20 days (range 3 h-75 days). The mean maximum rate of fat infusion was 2.0 g/kg per day (range 0.5-3.6). Of the 22 newborns, 9 were fed formula and given supplemental amounts of amino acids and glucose i.v., but no Intralipid. The lungs were fixated in situ immediately after death with glutaraldehyde. Neither in the Intralipid group nor in the non-Intralipid controls was intravascular fat accumulation identified, either by light microscopy or by EM. It is speculated that an agglomeration of lipoprotein globules to larger stainable lipid droplets cannot take place in the short interval between the actual time of death and the time of fixation of the lung tissue. Fat globules found in lungs of premature infants and described as fat metabolism might have been post mortem artefacts.