The role of nasopharyngeal electrodes in clinical electroencephalography

Abstract
SUMMARYIn this study, 1,245 EEG records were obtained in 1,100 subjects; 7 were totally unsatisfactory, 422 were normal, and 816 were abnormal. Of these, 934 records included nasopharyngeal (NP) derivatives; 305 were normal, and 533 showed various abnormalities from either the NP or scalp derivatives or both. The remaining 96 records contained unsatisfactory NP recording but satisfactory scalp derivatives. The technique is easy and devoid of complications. It may be used in older children with no hazard, provided there is sufficient cooperation. Sometimes mild sedation may be necessary. With experience, the percentage of unsatisfactory records diminishes. Crucial abnormalities were shown by NP recording when there were few or no concomitant surface signs in 30 records on 28 patients. These abnormalities almost invariably appeared during drowsiness or sleep. Since NP recording is safe and easy, we recommend this technique whenever sleep recording is indicated.