Enhancer–promoter communication mediated by Chip during Pannier-driven proneural patterning is regulated by Osa

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Abstract
The GATA factor Pannier activates proneural achaete/scute(ac/sc) expression during development of the sensory organs ofDrosophila through enhancer binding. Chip bridges Pannier with the (Ac/Sc)–Daughterless heterodimers bound to the promoter and facilitates the enhancer–promoter communication required for proneural development. We show here that this communication is regulated by Osa, which is recruited by Pannier and Chip. Osa belongs to Brahma chromatin remodeling complexes and we show that Osa negatively regulatesac/sc. Consequently, Pannier and Chip also play an essential role during repression of proneural gene expression. Our study suggests that altering chromatin structure is essential for regulation of enhancer–promoter communication.