Effect of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Levels and Clipping Frequency on the Forage Yield and Protein, Carotene, and Xanthophyll Content of Coastal Bermudagrass1

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Abstract
Omitting P and K from fertilizer that supplied 672 kg/ha of N to ‘Coastal’ bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) growing on a Tifton loamy sand of medium‐available P and low‐available K content reduced forage yield 45% without affecting the protein, carotene, and xanthophyll content of the grass. Increasing the ratio of P and K to N above a 4‐1‐2 (N‐P2O5‐K2O) fertilizer ratio failed to increase protein, carotene, and xanthophyll contents except at very high N rates (1,008 kg/ha). Excellent yields of carotene (4,838 g/ha) and xanthophyll (7,649 g/ha) were obtained from Coastal bermuda fertilized with 672 kg/ha of N with P2O5 and K2O to make a 4‐1‐2 ratio and cut at 21‐day intervals. This forage averaged 18.0% protein.

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