Role of Lymphocytes in the Pyrogenic Response: Comparison of Endotoxin with Specific Antigen and the Nonspecific Mitogen, Concanavalin A

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Abstract
Our studies indicate that lymphocytes can activate blood leukocytes to release endogenous pyrogen after incubation in vitro with concanavalin A, a nonspecific activator of thymus-derived lymphocytes, or with sufficient doses of filtered typhoid vaccine, one of the well-known endotoxins derived from gram-negative bacteria. If, as has been postulated, endotoxins produce some of their toxic reactions by acting as antigens in hosts with a naturally acquired, preexisting delayed hypersensitivity, the ability of endotoxin to induce fever, like that of certain antigens or mitogens described here, may also involve the intermediary activation of lymphocytes.

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