Comparison of Incorporation and Extension of Nucleotides in vitro opposite 8‐Hydroxyguanine (7,8‐Dihydro‐8‐oxoguanine) in Hot Spots of the c‐Ha‐ras Gene

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Abstract
DNA templates with 8‐hydroxyguanine (7,8‐dihydro‐8‐oxoguanine, oh8Gua) at a site corresponding to the first or second position of codon 12 of the c‐Ha‐ras gene were prepared, and the nucleotides inserted opposite the modified base were compared. The Klenow fragment (KF) of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I inserted C opposite oh8Gua at both positions. Taq DNA polymerase incorporated C and A opposite oh8Gua, and the ratio of C to A was higher at the first position than at the second position. DNA polymerase α (pol α) inserted A and C at the first position, and A at the second position of codon 12, indicating that the ratio of C to A was higher at the first position. Moreover, we studied the extensions of bases paired with oh8Gua by DNA polymerases with or without 3′‐5’exonuclease activity. G and T opposite oh8Gua were removed, and subsequently C was inserted by KF. We found that an oh8Gua:A pair was recognized by the exonuclease activity of the enzyme and that A was partially subsituted by C. On the other hand, pol α extended only C and A opposite oh8Gua. No difference was observed with oh8Gua at the two positions. These results indicate that the ratio of nucleotides incorporated opposite oh8Gua depends on the sequence context, while there is no particular difference in the extension of base pairs involving oh8Gua by DNA polymerases.