Enhancing the Sensitivity of Chemical Sensors for Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in Water by the Use of Tapered Silver Halide Fibers and Tunable Diode Lasers

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Abstract
Tapered silver halide fibers were used for the first time for high-sensitivity fiber evanescent wave spectroscopic (FEWS) measurements of chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHCs) in water at trace level. The sensor arrangement consisted of a tunable diode laser (TDL) source, a polymer-coated and tapered silver halide fiber, and a direct fiber/mercury cadmium telluride (MCT) detector coupling. A minimum detection limit of 50 μg L−1 was achieved by using a polyisobutylene-coated fiber with a 1:4 tapering ratio. The sensor response is in the minute range and shows reversible analyte enrichment.