Sex Differences in Some Aspects of Smoking Behavior

1 April 1967

journal article
research article
Published by SAGE Publications in Psychological Reports

Vol. 20 (2) , 575-580
https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1967.20.2.575

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are sex differences in the way men and women open an unopened pack of cigarettes and obtain the first cigarette and to test hypotheses derived from Freudian psychoanalytic theory regarding the phallic phase of psychosexual development, the Oedipal complex or castration anxiety in males, and penis envy in females. Statistical results clearly indicated that men and women differ in the methods they use to open an unopened pack of cigarettes and to obtain the first cigarette. The observed behaviors are consistent with the Freudian hypothesis that castration complex in males and penis envy in females is expressed in everyday living.

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