Calorimetric measurements of the energy and nitrogen metabolism of Japanese quail

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Abstract
1. Respiration calorimetry measurements were made over 4 d on normally‐fed groups of 10 male or 10 female quail during three periods commencing at 12, 19 and 26 d of age. Carcass compositions were determined on groups of birds of each sex at 2 and 5 weeks of age. 2. Expressed per unit body weight, food and metabolisable energy (ME) intake and weight gain decreased between 2 and 3 weeks of age, but remained constant thereafter. 3. No differences were observed between sexes for any variable measured. Efficiency of utilisation of ME for energy retention was only 0.33. This was mainly because the majority of energy was retained as protein tissue. 4. Nitrogen (N) retention (g/d) increased with increasing dietary N intake but when expressed as a proportion of N intake, declined from 0.46 at 2 weeks to 0.33 at 4 weeks. Fat retention increased substantially during week 4. 5. Carcass analyses showed that fat, protein and ash were higher for quail at 5 weeks than at 2 weeks of age. At 5 weeks carcass fat was only 60 g/kg.