Instability of the nonvortex state toward a quantized vortex in a Bose-Einstein condensate under external rotation

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Abstract
The instability condition of the non-vortex state toward vortex formation is exa mined within the Bogoliubov theory when a Bose-Einstein condensate is under exte rnally forced rotation. The obtained critical angular velocity combined with the previous stability cond itions for a votex yields a detailed phase diagram in the critical velocity vs t he system parameter. This facilitates vortex formation experiments for alkali atom gases confined in a harmonic potential.Comment: 4 pages, 4 eps figures. The formulation is the same as that of cond-mat/981136
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