Immersion and Injection Vaccination of Salmonids against Furunculosis with an Avirulent Strain of Aeromonas Salmonicida

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Abstract
Replicate groups of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) immunized by intraperitoneal injection of graded dilutions of an avirulent strain of Aeromonas salmonicida were protected from a virulent challenge. Mean mortality after challenge was 88% in control trout, 66% in trout immunized with 3 x 106 or 3 x 105 cells, and 39% in trout immunized with 3 x 104 to 3 x 10¹ cells. In brook trout challenged after immersion for 60 s in a culture containing 2.3 x 109 avirulent cells of A. salmonicida per milliliter, mortality was 44%, compared with 94% in controls. In Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), similarly vaccinated by immersion, mortality was 12.5% after challenge compared with 87.5% in controls. In additional studies, mean mortality of Atlantic salmon vaccinated by immersion was 14%, whereas that of control salmon was 92%.