Direct vector solution of three-dimensional magnetic field problems

Abstract
A new finite-element formulation of magnetic field problems is presented in which the vector field is solved for directly. Unlike solutions obtained by using scalar and vector potentials, a continuous solution in terms of the magnetic field intensity vector is obtained. The formulation is based on a matrix representation of the curl and divergence operators and provides a least-squares solution of the overdetermined system of equations. The procedure is used to solve both two- and three-dimensional problems in magnetic recording and in electric machine design.

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