Syngas conversion on calcined Fe-Ti-Zn-K catalysts. Part 2. Direct conversion of synthesis gas to light olefins in the slurry phase.

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Abstract
Roles of calcination temperature of Fe-Ti-Zn-K catalysts in the Fischer-Tropsch reaction were investigated in the slurry phase under a pressure of 10atm at a temperature in range from 300 to 325°C and H2/CO ratio of 1. A stable activity with selectivity for ethylene and propylene of 24-25% was obtained when the catalyst was calcined at a higher temperature than 800°C, and deactivation took place below this temperature. Changes in bulk component of the catalysts by calcination, reduction and reaction were followed by X-ray diffraction. The surface concentration of titanium on the catalyst determined by XPS increased with calcination temperature, although the bulk composition determined by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy hardly changed. It was deduced from these findings that the catalysts calcined at higher temperature than 800°C was covered with hardly reducible shell containing titanium, which stabilized the active sites on the surface by prevention of carburization. And it was suggested that magnetite (Fe3O4) phase stabilized by the irreducible shell was responsible for the reaction at stationary state.

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