Viral Infections of Monkeys in their Natural Habitat in Southern India

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Abstract
Summary A serologic survey to detect antibodies indicative of past exposure to various viruses was carried out on free-living Indian monkeys (Macaca mulatta, M. radiata, and Presbytis entellus) with the following results: 1. When tested with 2 simian adenoviruses recovered from certain of the same free-living animals (one isolate was antigenically related to serotype M3 and the second was related to serotype M10), neutralizing antibodies were found to be relatively common in bonnet sera and present in a smaller proportion of rhesus or langur sera. In all 3 species antibodies were only infrequently found which reacted with 2 simian enteroviruses (one antigenically related to SV49-P19) similarly isolated from free-living monkeys. 2. In hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) tests with human adenoviruses of types 1 through 7, only 1 of 47 rhesus sera was found reactive. 3. Certain sera of the 3 simian species showed HI reactivity of relatively low titer vs. one or more echovirus types. 4. Reactivity vs. one or more reovirus types was demonstrated by HI with the sera of some animals, the proportion of positive sera being greatest in bonnet and least in langur monkeys. 5. In tests with measles virus, sera from 12 of 47 urban rhesus monkeys showed HI antibodies, while sera from 170 bonnet and 195 langur monkeys of forestal habitat were uniformly negative. 6. A small proportion of sera from these 3 species of animals showed HI antibodies to SV5 and influenza A2 viruses. 7. No neutralizing antibodies to rhinovirus CV30 were demonstrated in the rhesus sera which were tested.