Direct Imaging of Anisotropic Exciton Diffusion and Triplet Diffusion Length in Rubrene Single Crystals

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Abstract
We visualize exciton diffusion in rubrene single crystals using localized photoexcitation and spatially resolved detection of excitonic luminescence. We show that the exciton mobility in this material is strongly anisotropic with long-range diffusion by several micrometers associated only with the direction of molecular stacking in the crystal, along the b axis. We determine a triplet exciton diffusion length of 4.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.4\,\,$\mu${}m from the spatial exponential decay of the photoluminescence that originates from singlet excitons formed by triplet-triplet fusion.