Relativistic plasma microwave electronics: Studies of high-power plasma-filled backward-wave oscillators

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Abstract
The area of relativistic plasma microwave electronics has only recently generated renewed interest. New experimental data are presented demonstrating that the presence of a low‐density background plasma in a relativistic backward‐wave oscillator leads to several beneficial effects, including (a) enhanced interaction efficiency (40%), (b) operation at very low and possibly zero guiding magnetic field, (c) tunability by controlling the plasma density, (d) high degree of spectral coherency, and (e) operation well above the vacuum limiting current.