Transformations preceding amorphization in Cr-Ti and Cr-Ti-Fe β phases

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Abstract
The nonequilibrium bcc solid solutions of Cr-Ti and Cr-Ti-Fe, obtained by quenching bulk material at a moderate cooling rate, undergo partial solid-state amorphization during annealing at a relatively low temperature in the spinodal range. Cyclic and isothermal measurements of the specific heats, the coefficients of thermal expansion, and the resistivities, as well as x-ray diffraction, were performed to examine the vitrification reactions and the configurations involved. The data reveal that vitrification involves a sequence of events led by an exothermic reaction that appears to be displacive in nature. The resulting structure, although crystalline by configuration, displays characteristic features of amorphous materials such as a ‘‘glass transition.’’ Configurational amorphization only occurs gradually at temperatures above the glass transition.