Porin of Shigella dysenteriae enhances Toll‐like receptors 2 and 6 of mouse peritoneal B‐2 cells and induces the expression of immunoglobulin M, immunoglobulin G2a and immunoglobulin A

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Abstract
Summary: Porin of Shigella dysenteriae type 1 increased the mRNA levels for Toll‐like receptors TLR2 and TLR6, by 1·8‐fold and twofold, respectively, in peritoneal cavity B‐2 cells from C57BL/6 mice, implicating that the co‐expression of TLR2 and TLR6 occurs as a combinatorial repertoire in response to porin. Among the two key TLRs, TLR2 and TLR4, which are primarily responsible for recognizing the majority of bacterial products, TLR2 alone participates in porin recognition. TLR2 expression was increased on B‐2 cells, whereas the expression of TLR4 remained unaffected. Besides TLRs, mRNA for myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), an effector molecule associated with the TLR‐mediated response, was enhanced by twofold, suggesting its involvement in the activity of porin. The B‐2 cells showed a 1·8‐fold increase in mRNA expression of the signalling molecule, nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB), in the presence of porin. Porin treatment of B‐2 cells selectively up‐regulated the expression of the costimulatory molecule, CD86, by 4·4‐fold. Porin induced the cell‐surface expression of immunoglobulin (Ig)M, of IgG2a preferentially among the IgG subclasses, and of IgA, on B‐2 cells. The porin‐mediated inductions of IgG2a and IgA were augmented by interleukin‐6 on B‐2 cells, by 2·7‐ and 1·6‐fold, respectively.