Mental outcome following encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis in children with moyamoya disease with the onset earlier than 5 years of age

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Abstract
The mental prognosis of children with moyamoya disease, in whom the onset was when they were younger than 5 years of age, has been reported to be very poor. We studied the mental outcome of these patients after encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis (EDAS) in relation to the age at the onset of the disease and the age at operation. For patients in whom the onset of moyamoya disease occurs when they are younger than 2 years of age, the prognosis is very poor with regard to mental abilities even if they have an operation within a year after the onset. Slight hope remains if the operation is within 3 months of the onset. For patients in whom the disease begins when they are 2–5 years of age, EDAS performed before the age of 9 years may result in a good outcome with regard to mental ability, as well as resolution of the paroxysmal symptoms and crebral revascularization.