Coupling of a continuous liquid–liquid extractor to a flame atomic absorption spectrometer for the determination of alkaloids

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Abstract
A continuous extraction system for the determination of various alkaloids based on the formation of ion pairs between the alkaloids and inorganic complexes, Bil4 – and Co(SCN)4 2–, followed by extraction and measurement of bismuth and cobalt in the organic phase (1,2-dichloroethane) by flame atomic absorption spectrometry was developed. The system was applied to amylocaine, papaverine and bromhexine hydrochloride. The method thus developed permits the determination of the three alkaloids over a wide concentration range (0.5–175 µg ml–1), with a relative standard deviation of approximately 3%.