Chemistry of the Coccoidea. IX. Pigments from the lac insect Austrotachardia acaciae (Hemiptera) and associated synthetic work

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Abstract
Minor pigments of the lacciferid Austrotachardia acaciae Maskell include isoerythrolaccin and the new 7-hydroxyerythrolaccin whose structure was confirmed by synthesis. Severe treatment of certain derivatives of 1,3-dihydroxyanthraquinone with aluminium chloride has resulted in novel deoxygenation to the 1-hydroxy series. The 1,2-dimethyl anthraquinones, 3,6,8-trihydroxy-1,2-dimethylanthraquinone and 3,6,7,8-tetrahydroxy-1,2-dimethylanthraquinone, have been synthesized. Oxidation of the methyl groups has been explored as a possible route to the synthesis of the major pigment from A. acaciae, xantholaccaic acid B.