The impact of second opinion surgical pathology on the practice of head and neck surgery: A decade experience at a large referral hospital

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Abstract
Background: A second review of histopathologic diagnoses is a quality assurance practice that helps expose diagnostic errors and guide management of patients being referred from outside hospitals. Identification of anatomic regions and specimen types that are prone to diagnostic error will be helpful in guiding policy decisions regarding mandatory second opinion surgical pathology.Methods: All available outside pathology reports were retrieved for patients referred to The Johns Hopkins Hospital Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery between January 1, 1990, and January 1, 2000. The outside diagnosis was compared with diagnosis rendered at the referral hospital. A discrepant diagnosis was regarded as any change resulting in a significant modification in therapy or prognosis.Results: Of the 814 cases reviewed, the second opinion surgical pathology diagnosis resulted in 54 (7%) changed diagnoses. Of the changed diagnosis, 13 (24%) involved a change from a benign to a malignant diagnosis; 8 (15%) involved a change from a malignant to a benign diagnosis; and 33 (61%) involved a change in tumor classification. Follow‐up information supported the second opinion diagnosis in 41 of 43 cases (95%).Conclusions: In a consequential number of cases, second opinion surgical pathology results in major therapeutic and prognostic modifications for patients sent to large referral hospitals for head and neck oncologic surgery. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 24: 684–693, 2002