Oxidized low density lipoprotein induces activation of the transcription factor NFκB in fibroblasts, endothelial and smooth muscle cells

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Abstract
The effect of cupric ions or endothelial cell‐oxidized LDL on the transcription factor NFκB activation was investigated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Oxidized LDL induced NFkB activation in fibroblasts, endothelial and smooth muscle cells. The extent of NFκB activation was proportional to the degree of LDL oxidation, as assessed by the lipid peroxidation product and the conjugated diene level. A similar activation was observed with the lipid extract of coopper‐oxidized LDL, which indicates that lipid peroxidation products are involved in the activation mechanism. Furthermore, α‐tocopherol, a lipophilic free radical scavenger, partially inhibited the stimulatory effect of Cu2+‐oxidized LDL. Since NFκB is considered as an oxidative stress‐responsive transcription factor, our study supports the evidence that the stress induced by oxidized LDL causes NFκB activation in different cell types, and that this effect can be ascribed to the lipid peroxidation products.

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