The Cultivation of the Rumen Ciliate Entodinium bursa in the Presence of Entodinium caudatum

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Abstract
The rumen ciliate protozoon E. bursa was grown in vitro in the presence of bacteria and E. caudatum for > 1 yr at population densities of 100-200 ml-1. The medium contained potassium phosphate, prepared fresh rumen fluid, cysteine, wholemeal flour (or rice starch), dried grass and a culture of the spineless form of E. caudatum. E. bursa has an obligate requirement for this protozoon and died within 48 h in its absence. During growth from a 2% inoculum, the mean generation time of E. bursa was 6 h. E. bursa engulfed 1.5-2.5 E. caudatum organisms h-1, and when E. caudatum was in excess it developed caudal spines for the 1st time in 17 yr; these spine forms were engulfed much less readily than the spineless organisms.

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