Mutagenic activity of cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, and trofosfamide in different genes of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium after biotransformation through extracts of rodent liver
- 1 January 1975
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Nature in Archives of Toxicology
- Vol. 33 (3) , 225-240
- https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00311275
Abstract
Experiments are performed to compare the mutagenic properties of the three phosphamide esters of nitrogen mustard, cyclophosphamide (CP), ifosfamide (IF), and trofosfamide (TF), in different bacterial systems. The systems include forward mutations leading to resistance against 5-methyltryptophan (MTR) and from galR 18 8 to gal + in Escherichia coli 343/113, back mutations from arg 56 to arg + in Escherichia coli 343/113 and back mutations from hisG46 to his + in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535. CP, IF, and TF are not mutagenic per se. After biotransformation through isolated rodent liver homogenates (S-9 fraction) all three compounds exhibit mutagenic activity in the order CPS. typhimurium TA1535, all mutation systems tested show a similar pattern of induction after treatment with CP, IF, and TF. However, because gal + mutations are not induced by CP under conditions where arg + and MTR are induced, it is suggested that more than one mutational system be used in routine mutagenicity testing. Die mutagene Wirkung der drei N-Lost-Phosphamidester Cyclophosphamid (CP), Ifosfamid (IF) und Trofosfamid (TF) wurde in verschiedenen bakteriellen Systemen verglichen. Untersucht wurde die Induktion von Hinmutationen zur 5-Methyltryptophan-Resistenz (MTR) und von galR 18 8 zu gal + in Escherichia coli 343/113 und die Induktion von Rückmutationen von arg 56 zu arg + in E. coli 343/113 und von hisG46 zu his + in Salmonella typhimurium TA 1535. CP, IF und TF besitzen per se keine mutagene Aktivität. Nach metabolischer Aktivierung mit Leberextrakten (S-9 Fraktion) sind alle drei Prüfsubstanzen mutagen; die Mutagenität nimmt in der Reihenfolge CP < IF S. typhimurium TA1535 werden von CP, IP und TF keine Mutationen zu his + induziert. Alle anderen getesteten Systeme zeigen nach der Behandlung mit CP, IF und TF gleichartige Induktionsmuster. Die Elektivität chemischer Mutagene für bestimmte Hin- und Rückmutationssysteme zeigte sich deutlich. Es ist daher notwendig, in der Mutagenitätsprüfung möglichst unterschiedliche Mutationstypenerfassende Systeme zu verwenden.Keywords
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