Clinical and Laboratory Studies of Live Attenuated RA 27/3 and HPV 77-DE Rubella Virus Vaccines

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Abstract
Comparative studies of RA 27/3 and HPV 77-DE rubella virus vaccines were carried out in children and adults. RA 27/3 vaccine induced antibody in a larger proportion of individuals and at a substantially higher titer level than did HPV 77-DE vaccine. The RA 27/3 vaccine induced .theta. and .iota. antibodies that are commonly found after infection with rubella virus in nature. The greater serologic responses to RA 27/3 virus were achieved without any important increase in clinical reactions and there was no evidence for contagious spread of the infection. There was a slightly greater occurrence of rash and lymphadenopathy after RA 27/3 vaccine compared with HPV 77-DE but the rate for occurrence of arthritis was substantially lower. Nearly 8000 initially seronegative persons received the RA 27/3 vaccine in the present studies. The seroconversion rate was 98% and there were no clinical reactions of importance. Follow-up studies showed undiminished retention of antibody titer for at least 2 yr following vaccination with RA 27/3 vaccine.