The Relationship between the Inv (1) and (2) Genetic Antigens of Kappa Human Light Chains

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Abstract
Summary: The two closely related human genetic antigens, Inv (1) and Inv (2) were studied with respect to their occurrence in myeloma proteins, Bence Jones proteins and isolated light chains. Five isolated myeloma proteins out of 92 surveyed and four Bence Jones proteins carried both genetic characters. No proteins were found which carried one and not the other factor. The co-existence of the two antigens on the same myeloma proteins along with the genetic studies indicated control by an Inv1,2 gene. Three different Inv typing systems, two of them specific for Inv (1) and the third for Inv (2) were used to study the separated heavy and light chains of Inv (1, 2) proteins. The Inv antigens were found to be dependent to varying degrees on the combination of the two subunit chains. This dependence was most marked in the case of the Inv (1)-MO typing system where free light chains or Bence Jones proteins failed completely to express the Inv antigen. To localize this genetic antigen to the light chain it was necessary to perform recombination studies. A group of isolated Bence Jones proteins tested also had limited expression of the Inv antigens in the same manner as the isolated light chains. The relationship of the two Inv antigens to the single amino acid substitution thus far described for the invariable portion of these Bence Jones proteins was discussed.

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