X.—Water Movements in the Firth of Forth

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Abstract
Even a superficial attempt to record the earlier studies on the Firth of Forth brings out the importance of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in supporting research on the underlying principles of estuarine water conditions.My bibliography starts with the Transactions of that society for 1816, though it is not until 1884, with the studies of H. R. Mill, that we come to work which is really useful to our present purpose. Mill worked from a floating laboratory at Granton Sea Quarry. He carried out twice-daily observations at the Quarry, and systematic observations over a long period at 12 stations in mid-Firth, from Alloa to the Isle of May, and also at several points on the south coast. He reports on variations (largely seasonal) in temperature and on density as an index of salinity, and on the alkalinity of the water. These latter, of course, vary largely with the river inflow, which has a rather imprecise correlation with season.

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