Precision of Several Sampling Techniques for Foraging Red Imported Fire Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Workers in Cotton Fields1

Abstract
Four sampling methods for estimating relative densities of Solenopsis invicta Buren in colton fields were compared in east Texas. The shake bucket technique was the only method tested that yielded consistent results independent of time of day, temperature, or phenology of the colton plant. The shake bucket provided a precise estimate of the absolute population density of fire ants in the colton field, i.e., repeated measurements of the same value were close. Based on precision, cost, ease of sampling, and time efficiency, the shake bucket was the method of choice for sampling S. invicta in the colton field to make pest management decisions.

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