Effects of NSAIDs on the kidney

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Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) produce a variety of renal syndromes [1, 2]. Most of these effects are acute and reversible. Permanent damage to the kidney is rare. Included among these renal syndromes are acute ischemic renal insufficiency that can progress to acute tubular necrosis, alterations in sodium and water homeostasis that can produce edema and increased blood pressure, hyporeninemic-hypoaldoste-ronism resulting in hyperkalemia, interstitial nephritis and papillary necrosis (analgesic nephropathy) that can cause permanent damage to the kidney. This paper describes the role of NSAIDs in the development of acute ischemic renal insufficiency, its epidemiology and factors that increase patient risk.