ETHANOL PRODUCED BY AUREOBASIDIUM PULLULANS AND ITS EFFECT ON THE GROWTH OF ARMILLARIA MELLEA

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Abstract
The cell-free filtrate of a liquid culture of Aureobasidium pullulans (de Bary) Arnaud contained a substance which stimulated the growth of Armillaria niellea (Fr.) Quél. This stimulatory effect was apparent when either rhizomorph tips or undifferentiated mycelium on water agar discs were used as inoculum, indicating an effect on both rhizomorph initiation and elongation. The cell-free filtrate was shown by gas chromatography to contain ethanol. Ethanol had an effect on the growth of A. mellea similar to that of the cell-free filtrate.Growth of A. mellea was stimulated by the presence of ethanol in the medium and the degree of stimulation was shown to be dependent on the total amount of ethanol available at a concentration of 500 p.p.m. Ethanol added at regular intervals as lower concentrations in the medium stimulated the growth of A. mellea as much as one higher initial concentration. A concentration of ethanol as low as 50 p.p.m. added daily for 14 days was more effective than an initial concentration of 700 p.p.m. in stimulating rhizomorph development of A. mellea.