Probability Density Functions of Speckle Intensity Produced by Weak Diffusers

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Abstract
By using the discrete cell model for the rough surface of objects, a general expression is derived which gives the probability density function of speckle intensity produced by weak diffusers having an arbitrary phase distribution and an arbitrary cell number, N, of contributions for the formation of speckles. In some special cases, it gives the probability density functions which have been previously derived and are well known in the statistics of speckles. In the case of the small number N = 2, an analytical solution of the probability density function is obtained from that general expression. Some features on the probability density functions of speckles are discussed for the case of small roughness and small number N.