Pursuit of intermittently illuminated moving targets in the human.

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Abstract
1. Experiments have been conducted in order to establish the changes in oculomotor activity which take place when the human subject attempts to pursue an intermittently illuminated moving target. 2. In an initial experiment, target motion in the horizontal plane was composed of one or two sinusoids at frequencies between 0.11 and 0.2 Hz. The target was illuminated for varying durations (10-320 ms) at intervals between 40 and 960 ms. As pulse interval was increased or pulse duration was decreased there was a progressive increase in eye velocity gain for the smooth component of eye movement. Some smooth eye movement was generated even when the pulse interval was as large as 960 ms. 3. In a second experiment target motion consisted of a triangular waveform in which target presentation was timed to occur at regular intervals throughout each cycle. Overlaying and averaging the response from several cycles revealed a regular pattern of pulsatile activity associated with each target presentation. This response, which was particularly evident when the pulse interval was greater than 1 s, consisted of an initial build-up of smooth eye velocity followed by an exponential decay with a time constant of 0.5-2 s. When the pulse interval was less than 1 s there was a summation of the transient responses so that eye movement appeared quite smooth when pulse interval was reduced to 320 ms. 4. The pulsatile nature of the response was accentuated when the target was made to execute a staircase-ramp waveform in which the target was illuminated only during the ramp component. The elimination of position change between ramps and the ability to achieve higher target velocity led to clear evidence of the summation of transient oculomotor responses. 5. The summated effects, however, were not simply attributable to the addition of responses to individual target presentations as indicated by the timing of each response. The eye velocity pulse was frequently initiated 200-300 ms prior to target appearance, and well before the time (100 ms) at which visual feedback would be expected to become effective. 6. The effect of target step displacement alone was investigated by examination of the smooth eye movement initiated by varying numbers of steps in the waveform. This showed that the basic step response had a peak velocity of no more than 8-10 deg/s in most individuals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)