Opioids: cellular mechanisms of tolerance and physical dependence

• 1 February 2005
• journal article
• review article
• Published by Elsevier in Current Opinion in Pharmacology
• Vol. 5  (1) , 60-68
• https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coph.2004.08.012

Abstract

Keywords

• ADENYLYL CYCLASE
• CREB
• CAMP RESPONSE ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN
• DAMGO
• [D-ALA2
• N-ME-PHE4
• GLY5-OL]-ENKEPHALIN
• DOR
• Δ-OPIOID RECEPTOR
• GABA
• Γ-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID
• GAT-1
• GABA TRANSPORTER
• GRK
• G-PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR KINASE
• LOCUS COERULEUS
• MAPK
• MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE
• MOR
• Μ-OPIOID RECEPTOR