The Structure and Function of the Urinary Bladder

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Abstract
The authors present a study on the structure of the bladder and the vesical part of the urethra in the adult male and female, in the new-born child, and in embryos, the study including macroscopic and microscopic dissection and histological examination. The results are compared to clinical experience. The importance of the musculus trigonalis as a factor in the functioning of the ureteral orifices and the internal urethral orifice is discussed. The authors succeeded in demonstrating the non-existence of an anatomical sphincter vesicae. Based on the results of the present study and the experience on the topic up to now it seems justified to conclude that the closing mechanism of the bladder works only in response to the basic tonicity of the smooth musculature and the elastic fibrils surrounding the internal urethral orifice and localized to the prostatic urethra or the female urethra.

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