International education has been a growing field in the United States since the beginning of major exchange activity with the establishment of the Fulbright-Hays Fellow ships shortly after World War II. In its various aspects in the United States—exchange of American and foreign students, faculty, leaders, and specialists—international education as sists a minimum of 250,000 individuals each year to study, teach, or perform research. Worldwide, the number of exchangees is several times this total. Many of the factors that have promoted the growth of large-scale exchange can be expected to con tinue to promote growth in the future, but there are a number of new elements that will affect the make-up of the exchange population in the future. This article briefly examines a number of these factors and discusses reasons why they can be expected to play a significant role in determining the future of exchange.