A Vacuum Infiltration Inoculation Technique for DetectingPseudomonas tomatoin Soil and Plant Tissue

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Abstract
A vacuum infiltration inoculation technique was highly effective for detecting P. tomato in extracts from artificially infested field soil and in washings from surfaces of 4 of 6 symptomless weed species [Oenothera sp., Secale cereale, Gnaphalium sp., Stellaria media, Arabidopsis thaliana, Lamium amplexicaule] collected from fields where infected tomato plants had grown the previous year. Populations as low as 10 colony-forming units/g of soil or per ml of test suspension were detected. The procedure consists of immersing the foliage of bare-root ''Chico III'' tomato [Lycopersicon esculentum] plants (12-15 cm tall) in test suspensions (1 drop of Tween 20 added/100 ml) held in beakers; evacuating to 76 cm Hg for 2 separate periods (0.5-1.0 and 2 min), each followed by a sudden vacuum release; and placing the transplants at 19-21.degree. C for 14 days to allow lesion development. Isolations were made from individual lesions, and selected laboratory and pathogenicity tests were run to confirm the identity of P. tomato. The vacuum infiltration method detects lower levels of P. tomato in natural habitats than other methods do and detected P. tomato when conventional plating methods with King''s medium B failed.

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