TOXICITY OF INSECTICIDES TO PARASITES OF THE SPOTTED TENTIFORM LEAFMINER (LEPIDOPTERA: GRACILLARIIDAE)

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Abstract
Cypermethrin was more toxic to adults of the braconid parasite Apanteles ornigis Weed than fenvalerate, permethrin, azinphosmethyl, or methomyl. Endosulfan was the least toxic insecticide. Permethrin, however, was 19 × more toxic to the leafminer host Phyllonorycter blancardella (Fabr.) than to A. ornigis and could be most useful in an integrated pest management program. Several chalcids, Sympiesis spp., showed less sensitivity to azinphosmethyl than did A. ornigis.