Mutagenicity of Halogenated Ether Anesthetics

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Abstract
An in vitro microbial assay system employing 2 histidine-dependent strains of Salmonella typhimurium, TA1535 and TA100, was used to test the mutagenicities of enflurane, methoxyflurane, isoflurane and fluroxene. Enflurane, isoflurane and fluroxene in concentrations ranging from 0.01-30% and methoxyflurane in concentrations ranging from 0.01-7% were incubated with bacteria in the presence or absence of homogenates of liver prepared from rats pretreated with the enzyme inducer, Aroclor 1254. Enflurane, methoxyflurane, isoflurane and urines from patients anesthetized with these agents were not mutagenic. Fluroxene was highly mutagenic, and poses a possible carcinogenic hazard for operating room personnel and patients.

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