Activation of Eggs by Oxidation-Reduction Indicators

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Abstract
Observations indicate that in the differentiation of plant tissues certain cells are determined early and produce cells only of the same character, even under conditions which normally induce dedifferentiation. Most plant cells do not react this way but remain in a more or less undetermined state in which their development can be tipped one way or another under the influence of the environment. Observations on Ricinus suggest that the behavior of its secretory cells involves a change in their cytoplasmic system in which control exerted by determinants in the nature of plas-magenes plays a role. This causes a limitation of cellular totipotency and stabilization of cellular character in somatic differentiation. It is not known how determinants of this kind come into control. Polarity may play a part. It may control the orderly distribution of cytoplasmic material and various substances. There may also be specific, qualitative alterations in the reactivity systems of the cells, due to permanent changes in the genetic composition of the cytoplasm itself.