Acetaldehyde hydration by zinc–hydroxo complexes: coordination number expansion during catalysis

Abstract
The complexes [Zn(tren)(OH)]+ and [Cd(Me6tren)(OH)]+ are excellent catalysts for the hydration of acetaldehyde while the closely related complex [Zn(Me6tren)(OH)]+ does not catalyze the reaction, consistent with the notion that zinc ions require the ability to accommodate expanded coordination numbers in hydrolytic reactions such as those catalyzed by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase.

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