Distribution and population recovery of Arenicola marina and other benthic fauna after bait digging

Abstract
Effects of bait digging on distribution and population recovery of A. marina, Hydrobia ulvae and Macoma balthica were investigated on trial plots at Blackness, Forth estuary (Scotland [UK]). A. marina rapidly recolonized the basins created by digging, but had reduced populations on the dug mounds. Its populations were dislocated for over 3 mo. after digging. H. ulvae and M. balthica showed enhanced populations on the mounds for up to 2 wk, but were otherwise unaffected by digging. Factors influencing the mode of population recovery are discussed; enhanced basin populations of recolonizing A. marina are due substantially to above-surface migration of worms into areas with increased levels of organic matter.

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