EFFECT OF HEAT INACTIVATION OF SERUM ON AGGREGATION OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS

  • 1 January 1979
    • journal article
    • research article
    • Vol. 36  (1) , 37-45
Abstract
Heating serum at 56.degree. is used to inactivate complement in several immunological assays. During heating, both heat-labile and heat-stable anticomplementary activity (ACA) develop. While heat-labile ACA can be completely inactivated, heatstable ACA increases progressively with continued heating. Heat-stable ACA develops in deaggregated Ig[immunoglobulin]G and in normal, but not in hypogammaglobulinemic, human and porcine serum heated at 56.degree., suggesting that this ACA is due to formation of Ig aggregates. These aggregates would produce false-positive tests for immune complexes and could inhibit a variety of cell-mediated reactions in assays which incorporate heat-inactivated serum. Other temperatures were tested to determine whether endogenous hemolytic activity could be destroyed without forming Ig aggregates. At 53.degree. endogenous hemolytic activity and heat-labile ACA were inactivated and formation of heat-stable ACA in normal serum was minimal. ACA could be induced in deaggregated IgG at 53.degree.. The degree of heat-induced aggregation of IgG in vitro at either temperature was directly proportional to IgG concentrations and inversely related to albumin concentrations. Pathological sera with these protein alterations might form more aggregates during heating than normal sera. Heat inactivation of complement at 53.degree. for 90 min may be preferable to the traditional 56.degree.. In any assay where Ig aggregates might interfere, normal serum may be an inadequate control and correlations will need to be made between serum IgG and albumin concentrations and the results obtained in these assays.