Interaction of Propanil with Insecticides Absorbed from Soil and Translocated into Rice Plants

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Abstract
Investigations were undertaken to ascertain whether residues of soil-applied carbaryl (1-naphthyl N-methyl carbamate) and diazinon [O,O-diethyl-O-(2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidyl) phosphorothioate] insecticides may be absorbed from the soil and translocated to foliage of rice (Oryza sativa L. ‘Nahda’) and to determine the phytotoxic interaction between them and foliar-applied propanil (3′,4′-dichloropropionanilide). Results from greenhouse studies showed that carbaryl and diazinon were translocated and affected hydrolytic activity in rice shoots at all rates of application. Carbaryl was more inhibitory but diazinon persisted longer in the soil. When propanil was applied in the presence of diazinon, no additive phytotoxicity occurred on rice plants over that occurring from propanil alone. Synergistic effects in rice, resulting in dry weight loss, were marked when soil was treated with 5 mg of diazinon per kilogram of soil and subsequently sprayed with propanil. Synergistic phytotoxicity was apparent when propanil was applied 1 day after carbaryl treatment and most plants were killed. Slight injury was noticed on plants treated with propanil 2 weeks after carbaryl treatment at 1 and 5 mg/kg.